Olivér Várhelyi has assumed the role of European Commissioner for Health and Food Safety, placing him at the forefront of regulatory decisions impacting agriculture and the EU seed sector. With a background in law and European affairs, Várhelyi will oversee policies on food safety, plant health, and biotechnology—critical areas for the seed industry.
Background and Political Trajectory
Prior to this appointment, Várhelyi served as European Commissioner for Neighbourhood and Enlargement, where he played a central role in EU accession negotiations and trade relations. His diplomatic experience is expected to influence his approach to agricultural and food policy, emphasizing regulatory efficiency and innovation.
Focus on Crop Protection and Biotech Innovation
For the seed sector, Várhelyi’s portfolio includes overseeing regulations on genetically modified organisms (GMOs), gene editing, and crop protection products. The anticipated reform of the EU’s biotechnology framework, particularly legislation on new genomic techniques (NGTs), is a priority. The seed industry advocates for clearer, science-based regulations to support innovation in plant breeding, especially as gene-editing technologies like CRISPR advance.
In his hearing before the European Parliament on November 6, 2024, Várhelyi addressed the classification of NGTs, stating that, in his opinion, category 1 NGTs scientifically cannot be argued to be GMOs. He considers them part and parcel of normal crossbreeding. On the other hand, category 2 NGTs are closer to GMOs as these involve genes being changed from other plant varieties to the plant. He emphasized the need for a nuanced regulatory approach based on scientific assessment.
Regarding crop protection, Várhelyi has expressed a commitment to mitigating pesticide risks and promoting non-chemical alternatives. He stated that pesticides containing carcinogens, mutagens, or endocrine disruptors should not be permitted in the EU, including in imported food products.
“If science says it is not safe, then we shouldn’t have it,” Várhelyi remarked, underscoring a science-based approach to policy decisions.
In a recent address to the European Council on December 15, 2024, Várhelyi highlighted the importance of biotechnology in achieving sustainable agriculture: “Embracing advanced biotechnologies is essential for the EU to meet its sustainability goals while ensuring food security for all Europeans.”
Furthermore, during a conference on agricultural innovation held on January 20, 2025, he noted, “We must support our farmers by providing access to safe and effective gene-editing tools that can enhance crop resilience and productivity.”
Regulatory Challenges and Industry Expectations
The EU seed sector seeks greater regulatory clarity and consistency in approvals for GMOs and gene-edited crops, as well as streamlined risk assessments for plant protection products. Várhelyi’s ability to balance environmental sustainability goals with the needs of agricultural producers will be critical. His emphasis on science-based policies aims to ensure that European farmers remain competitive globally while maintaining high safety standards.
What’s Next?
As the EU reassesses its agricultural policies, Várhelyi’s tenure will be pivotal for the EU seed industry. His stance on innovation, sustainability, and regulatory reform will shape the future of plant breeding and crop protection in Europe. The EU seed sector will closely monitor how he balances scientific progress with regulatory caution, determining whether the EU can remain a leader in agricultural innovation.
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